Wednesday, 2 November 2011

Working with Lidar Data

If you are contemplating analysis of lidar data for the GIS and Spatial Analysis assignment option you might wish to consider working with some tools beyond simply ArcGIS.

Firstly, its worth having a think about which visualization tools are most likely to be of use in identifying anthropogenic evidence on lidar elevation data.  Hillshading alone, even from multiple azimuth, is notoriously weak, but there are other options.


Our recent paper in Archaeological Prospection  on a toolkit approach to lidar analysis contains some ideas.  Most of these options can be accessed from within ArcGIS.

Sky View Factor (SVF) is an old technique, newly applied to archaeological landscape analysis. Take a look at key papers in Antiquity and Remote Sensing for an explanation as to why it may be the right technique to use.  There are a number of ways to access SVF tools to use on your data. Saga GIS and Whitebox GIS are free programs which provide many useful raster analysis tools, including implementations of SVF.  There is also a useful and very efficient standalone SVF application downloadable from the Slovenian Academy of Sciences.

Whatever your choice of visualization technique, you will still need a good eye and a clear understanding of landscape to disentangle archaeology, geology and other aspects of human impact; but the right visualization choice will at least maximize your chances of identifying evidence in the first place.